● Caissons, and pier pilings, both wood and concrete are still used to support foundations.

● Removal and replacement of a foundation is used today as a last resort for failing foundations. This process has been around for almost 200 years.  The structure is lifted while a new concrete foundation is constructed, then the structure slowly lowered onto the new foundation. 

● Mud jacking. Mud or a combination of sand and cement is pumped through 2 in. holes drilled through or under a foundation to hydraulically lift and support. Although this method was widely used up until the 90's, it had a 50% failure rate for lifting. Mud jacking is still widely used to fill voids and depressions underneath foundations caused by soil consolidation and erosion.